Fitter-Welder Visa Pathway Australia

Australia classifies Fitter-Welder under ANZSCO 323213. Trades Recognition Australia (TRA) conducts the skills assessment. Overseas-qualified applicants seeking a permanent skilled visa use its Migration Skills Assessment, unless TRA requires its Offshore Skills Assessment Program for their passport. International graduates of an Australian VET course use the Job Ready Program. The occupation appears on both the MLTSSL and the Core Skills Occupation List, and Home Affairs lists it for subclasses 189, 190, 491, 494, 482 and 186. Typical 2026 salaries range AUD $80,000-$130,000, with structural and pressure welding in mining and offshore-resources pushing toward AUD $180,000.

Quick Facts: Fitter-Welder Migration Pathway

What a Fitter-Welder Does in Australia

Fitter-welders fabricate, assemble, and repair metal structures and mechanical equipment using both fitting techniques and welding processes. The work spans MIG, TIG, stick, and increasingly automated welding on carbon steel, stainless, aluminium, and specialist alloys. The trade differs from a pure welder (322313 Welder First Class) in that the role also includes reading drawings, marking off, cutting and fabricating stock, and assembling mechanical components — not just laying weld.

The work concentrates in shipbuilding (Henderson WA, Osborne SA), oil and gas (Karratha LNG facilities, Bass Strait platforms), heavy fabrication (BlueScope Port Kembla, Liberty Whyalla), mining (workshop fabrication for mobile and fixed plant), and structural steel for major infrastructure projects (Inland Rail, Sydney Metro West, Snowy Hydro 2.0).

Australia has a structural shortage of welders that has worsened through 2025-26. Weld Australia and steel industry bodies have publicly raised alarm about the gap, and Jobs and Skills Australia added welder, pressure welder, and fitter-welder to the Priority List. Skill Level 3 trade fill rates dropped to 54.3% nationally. Demand is so pronounced that some major projects have flown in welders on short-term arrangements while sponsorship was processed.

ANZSCO Code 323213 — Fitter-Welder

The 323213 code applies to fitters whose work routinely combines mechanical fitting and assembly with significant welding activity. Welding must be a core daily task, not occasional. Core duties include:

• Studying engineering drawings and welding procedure specifications
• Marking off, cutting, and shaping metal stock
• Welding metal components using MIG, TIG, stick, and other processes
• Fitting and assembling fabricated parts into structures or machinery
• Performing weld repairs on damaged or worn equipment
• Operating welding equipment safely to Australian Standards

Three adjacent codes are worth understanding:

• 323211 Fitter (General) — for fitters whose work does not include significant welding. See the Fitter (General) pathway.
• 323212 Fitter and Turner — for fitters whose work centres on lathe operation. See the Fitter and Turner pathway.
• 322313 Welder (First Class) — for pure welders whose work is dominated by welding without significant fitting or assembly. If you are a coded pressure welder or production welder without fitting duties, 322313 is the better match.

Choose 323213 only if your employment references can substantiate both fitting and welding as core daily activities. TRA assessors look for evidence of both during the workplace assessment.

Skills Assessment — Trades Recognition Australia

TRA handles 323213 through three programs.

Job Ready Program (JRP) — for Australian VET graduates

The JRP is not an offshore route. TRA says it is "for international student graduates of an Australian Vocational Education and Training (VET) course, who are working in Australia". The list below shows the compulsory Provisional Skills Assessment, then the three JRP steps:

1. Provisional Skills Assessment (PSA): checks your Australian qualification from a CRICOS-registered RTO. It costs AUD130 in total.
2. Job Ready Employment (JRE): registration to commence at least 12 months of full-time (or equivalent part-time) paid Australian employment with a TRA-approved employer
3. Job Ready Workplace Assessment (JRWA): an assessment at your workplace by an assessor from a TRA-approved RTO
4. Job Ready Final Assessment (JRFA): the outcome letter you use for your visa application

Cost of the three JRP steps: AUD3,410 in total (AUD490 for Job Ready Employment, AUD2,845 for the Job Ready Workplace Assessment and AUD75 for the Job Ready Final Assessment), and more if you need more than one Workplace Assessment Total duration: at least 12 months, because it needs 12 months of full-time (or equivalent) work with a TRA-approved employer, unless you have eligible prior employment. TRA counts an average of 38 hours a week as full-time. Required qualification: a relevant Australian qualification. TRA's Australian Qualifications by Occupation document lists the one for 323213.

The JRWA for 323213 is more demanding than for general fitters because the assessor checks both welding quality (visual inspection of welds, sometimes destructive testing) and fitting accuracy. Failed assessments most commonly arise from one of two issues: the candidate's Australian role is dominated by welding only (TRA redirects to 322313), or the welds do not meet Australian Standards. Employers should match candidates to genuine fitter-welder roles rather than production welding lines.

Migration Skills Assessment (MSA) — for MLTSSL and STSOL occupations

The MSA is a documentary assessment of how your qualifications and employment compare with Australian standards. TRA says your occupation must be "Listed on the Medium and Long-term Strategic Skills List (MLTSSL) or Short-term Skilled Occupations List (STSOL)", and Home Affairs lists 323213 on the MLTSSL. You can't use the MSA for a 482 or 485 application, or if your passport and occupation require the OSAP. The MSA costs AUD795 in total, and TRA processes applications typically within 120 days of submission. You need a formal qualification: TRA does not accept work experience as a substitute for one.

Offshore Skills Assessment Program (OSAP) — limited

The OSAP is run by TRA-approved RTOs. It has a documentary stage and a technical interview, plus a practical assessment on Pathway 1 if required. It is compulsory for passports and occupations on TRA's OSAP lists, and other applicants in an OSAP-listed occupation may choose it. It costs up to AUD5,320 for Pathway 1 and AUD2,020 for Pathway 2, and the RTO emails your outcome approximately 15 weeks after you submit complete documentary evidence. Use the TRA Pathfinder to confirm which program applies to you.

Visa Pathways for Fitter-Welders

Subclass 482 — Skills in Demand

The 482 is the practical first step for many offshore fitter-welders, because it gets you working in Australia with a sponsor. Home Affairs says "Some primary SID visa applicants must undergo a mandatory skills assessment", done by TRA or VETASSESS depending on the occupation. TRA handles these under its separate Temporary Skills Shortage Skills Assessment Program, not the MSA. Check whether it applies to you before you lodge.

• Visa fee: AUD4,015 for the main applicant
• Core Skills Income Threshold (CSIT): AUD79,423 (from 1 July 2026)
• Duration: Up to 4 years
• Stream: Core Skills (323213 is on the Core Skills Occupation List)
• Quirk: Fabrication employers in shipbuilding and resources routinely pay well above CSIT, often AUD $90,000-$120,000 base for experienced welders

Subclass 186 — Employer Nomination Scheme

Permanent residency through employer sponsorship. Direct Entry stream (with a positive TRA outcome in hand) or TRT stream (after two years on a 482).

• Visa fee: AUD6,140 for the main applicant
• Streams: Direct Entry or TRT
• Reality: TRT is the most common route — sponsored fitter-welders typically transition after two years

Home Affairs also lists Fitter-Welder for the Skilled Employer Sponsored Regional (subclass 494) visa, an employer-sponsored regional visa (AUD6,140 for the main applicant).

Subclass 491 — Skilled Work Regional

A 5-year regional provisional visa carrying a 15-point boost. Many fabrication and welding employers operate in regional centres (Whyalla, Newcastle, Mackay, Geraldton), so the 491 living obligation rarely conflicts with the job.

• Visa fee: AUD6,140 for the main applicant
• Living obligation: 3 years in a designated regional area before applying for 191 PR
• Quirk: South Australia regional zones cover most of Adelaide-adjacent industrial areas, making the 491 unusually accessible

Subclass 190 — Skilled Nominated

State-sponsored permanent residency. NSW, Victoria, Queensland, and South Australia all currently nominate 323213.

• Visa fee: AUD6,140 for the main applicant
• Points boost: +5 from state nomination
• Live-in obligation: 2 years in the nominating state

Subclass 189 — Skilled Independent

Trade occupations face less competition than ICT, but 189 invitation rounds since late 2024 have been heavily weighted toward healthcare. Lodge for 189 in parallel but plan on a sponsored or regional outcome.

• Visa fee: AUD6,135 for the main applicant
• Minimum points: 65 (realistic invitations 75+)

Points Test Strategy

Realistic Scenarios

Scenario 1 — Offshore fitter-welder, 29 years old, IELTS 6, 8 years experience

Age 30 + English 0 + Experience 15 + Qualification 10 = 55 points. Improve English to Proficient (+10) for 65, or pursue 491 regional nomination (+15) for 70-75.

Scenario 2 — Onshore fitter-welder on 482 in regional WA, 32 years old, Proficient English, 7 years overseas plus 2 years Australian

Age 30 + English 10 + Overseas 10 + Australian 5 + Qualification 10 + 491 Regional 15 = 80 points. Highly competitive.

State Nomination

New South Wales

NSW nominates Fitter-Welder under both 190 and 491 in the 2025-26 program. Demand concentrates around Newcastle fabrication shops servicing the Hunter Valley coal sector, the Illawarra steel precinct (BlueScope), and Western Sydney structural-steel fabricators. NSW expects three years of skilled employment in the nominated occupation and prefers candidates with a current NSW job offer.

Victoria

Victoria's 2025-26 list includes fitter-welder among trades expressly receiving invitations. The state allocates 2,700 places to 190 and 700 to 491. Welding demand sits in Melbourne's western industrial corridor (Laverton, Sunshine), Geelong's defence and renewables ecosystem, and the Latrobe Valley energy transition projects. Three years of recent post-qualification experience plus a current Victorian role or genuine intent is the typical bar.

Queensland

Migration Queensland prioritises trades. Fitter-welders are in heavy demand for the Gladstone industrial precinct, the Mackay mining-services corridor, and the Bowen Basin coal sector. Queensland favours a current Queensland job offer for 190; the 491 pathway is more accessible from offshore.

South Australia

South Australia is among the most accessible states for fitter-welders because of the Osborne shipbuilding precinct (BAE Hunter-class frigates, ASC submarines) and the Whyalla steelworks. SA allocates 3,000 places to 190 and 800 to 491 in 2025-26, with reduced English thresholds for some shortage occupations. Three years of skilled employment in the previous five is the standard bar.

Western Australia

WA's nomination program is smaller but actively targets resources-sector trades, particularly for the LNG and iron ore industries on the Pilbara coast. Welders with pressure welding tickets are particularly sought after.

Salary and Employment Outlook

What Fitter-Welders Earn

Source: SEEK Salary Hub 2026, Hays Salary Guide 2026. Welder average sits around AUD $80,000-$85,000 nationally; specialised pressure and coded welders earn substantially more. Mining, resources, and offshore work pay the highest premiums. FIFO arrangements often include AUD $300-$500 per day site allowances on top of base.

Total packages typically include superannuation at 12%, FIFO travel, accommodation, site allowances, and overtime at penalty rates (1.5x-2.5x base).

Highest-Paying Sectors

• Oil and gas — Karratha LNG, Bass Strait platforms, Darwin LNG
• Defence and shipbuilding — Hunter-class frigates (Osborne), Henderson WA shipyards
• Mining — fixed-plant and mobile-plant fabrication and repair
• Heavy structural steel — Inland Rail, Snowy Hydro 2.0, Sydney Metro West
• Renewables — wind tower fabrication, transmission tower welding

Tips for a Successful Application

1. Make sure references describe both fitting and welding

The single most common TRA decision against 323213 is "welding-dominated work — should be 322313 Welder (First Class)". References must explicitly describe fitting, assembly, drawing interpretation, marking-off, and stock preparation alongside welding processes. Generic references that emphasise welding tickets without fitting language steer the assessor toward the wrong code.

2. Get welding tickets that match Australian Standards

Pressure welding tickets to AS 3992, AS 1796, or AS/NZS 2980 are highly valued and unlock the highest-paying roles. If you hold ASME IX, EN ISO 9606, or other international tickets, get them mapped to Australian equivalents through a recognised testing body before applying for jobs. Many employers will not interview without Australian-recognised certifications.

3. Target shipbuilding sponsorship if your work suits naval fabrication

The Hunter-class frigate program at Osborne (BAE) and the AUKUS submarine program (ASC) are multi-decade programs with sustained welder demand. Both have specific security and citizenship considerations, but the underlying sponsorship pipeline for offshore welders is large and stable.

4. Allow at least 12 months for the JRP, and budget for it

This applies if you are an Australian VET graduate on the JRP. TRA says the program takes at least 12 months, because it needs 12 months of full-time (or equivalent) work with a TRA-approved employer, unless you have eligible prior employment. The PSA costs AUD130 in total and the JRP costs AUD3,410 in total (AUD490 for Job Ready Employment, AUD2,845 for the Job Ready Workplace Assessment and AUD75 for the Job Ready Final Assessment), and more if you need more than one Workplace Assessment. Budget separately for English testing, medical and police checks. Offshore-trained fitter-welders budget for the MSA (AUD795 in total) and the 482 visa (AUD4,015 for the main applicant) instead.

5. Sit IELTS or PTE before applying

A Proficient English result unlocks state nomination options that are closed at Competent (IELTS 6) and adds 10 points to the points test. Proficient means at least 7 in each IELTS band, or PTE Academic scores of 58 listening, 59 reading, 69 writing and 76 speaking (for PTE tests taken from 7 August 2025). Skilled trade applicants frequently underestimate the points impact of English.

Step-by-Step Migration Roadmap

1. Confirm 323213 is the right code — check duties against the ANZSCO code finder
2. Check the occupation list — confirm 323213 on the CSOL and SOL 2026
3. Sit IELTS or PTE — aim for Proficient (7.0) minimum
4. Get your TRA skills assessment: the Migration Skills Assessment (AUD795 in total) for a permanent visa, or the OSAP if TRA requires it for your passport. Australian VET graduates use the PSA and Job Ready Program instead.
5. Secure a sponsoring Australian employer offering genuine fitter-welder work — fabrication shops, shipyards, mining contractors
6. Check whether your 482 needs a mandatory TRA skills assessment: TRA runs these under its Temporary Skills Shortage Skills Assessment Program
7. Apply for a subclass 482 visa: AUD4,015 for the main applicant
8. Build Australian experience with your sponsor: this counts towards the 186 TRT stream
9. Apply for 186 (TRT) or 190 / 491: the 186 costs AUD6,140 for the main applicant; see the visa sections above for the 190 and 491
10. Receive PR grant — relocate or remain per state obligations

Frequently Asked Questions

What is the difference between Fitter-Welder (323213) and Welder First Class (322313)?

323213 covers roles where both fitting and welding are core daily activities — reading drawings, marking off, cutting, fabricating, assembling, and welding. 322313 covers pure welders whose work is dominated by laying weld, often as production welders or coded pressure welders. If your employment is essentially "I weld all day on coded joints", 322313 is the better fit. If you fabricate complete structures from raw stock and weld them up, 323213 fits.

Do I need Australian welding tickets before applying for a visa?

Not for the visa itself. In the Migration Skills Assessment, TRA compares your overseas qualification with the relevant Australian qualification. (The Provisional Skills Assessment is only for Australian qualifications.) But for the Australian employer who will sponsor you, Australian-recognised tickets (especially AS 3992 for pressure welding) significantly improve your hireability. Many employers either require Australian tickets at hire or pay for testing on arrival.

Is mining welding really as well-paid as the salary tables suggest?

Yes, for specialist roles. A coded pressure welder on a FIFO roster with a major mining contractor can clear AUD $180,000-$220,000 in good years once site allowances, overtime, and travel benefits are factored in. The trade-off is the roster — 2-week-on / 1-week-off or 3-and-1 schedules, and physically demanding work in remote environments. Workshop welders earning AUD $90,000-$110,000 in capital cities trade off salary for stability and family life.

Can I move from a 482 fitter-welder role into a different welding job during the Job Ready Program?

In principle, yes, but the JRP only applies if you are an Australian VET graduate. The 482 allows employer changes through a new nomination. TRA allows up to five employers during the JRP, but at least 6 months of full-time equivalent paid employment must be completed with one employer. Plan to stay with the sponsoring employer through the JRWA unless the original role is fundamentally not delivering the required duties.

How is the 2026 welder shortage actually affecting employer behaviour?

Sponsoring employers have become noticeably more willing to engage with offshore candidates and pay for relocation. Some major-project welding subcontractors have engaged migration agents to actively source offshore. Pressure welders for the LNG and energy-transition sector are in particularly short supply. The 2026 CSIT increase to AUD79,423 (from 1 July 2026) has not slowed sponsorship in this trade because most welder packages already exceed it.

What happens to my JRP if my sponsoring employer goes out of business?

If you are laid off on a 482, you have up to 180 days to find a new employer or make arrangements to leave Australia. For your JRP (which only applies if you are an Australian VET graduate), TRA says a new employer only counts from the date you register it in the TRA Online Portal with a completed Employment Verification Report, and a workplace assessment must take place at your current employer's workplace. Notify TRA promptly of the change. Engage a migration agent if this scenario arises — it is recoverable but procedurally complex.